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| Roman Name | Provincial Name |
Devices | Titles | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Aesculapius | Staff with serpent | |
God of healing and medicine. He is sometimes accompanied by the small figure of his assistant, Telesphorus. |
| Apollo | Apollo | Lyre | CONSERVATOR PALATINVS PROPVGNATOR |
Sun god. Also patron of music, the arts and protector of flocks and herds. |
| Bacchus | Dionysos | wine-cup panther thyrsus |
|
God of wine. Also known by his ancient Italian name of Liber. Not a popular type to appear on roman imperial coins, however he was well represented on provincial coinage. |
| Ceres | Demeter | ear of corn occasionally a torch |
|
Goddess of agriculture. |
| Cybele | Kybele | turreted crown chariot drawn by lions or enthroned between lions |
MATER DEVM MATRI MAGNAE |
Mother of the gods. Kybele was popular in Asia Minor. |
| Diana | Artemis | bow and arrows torch |
CONSERVATRIX EPHESIA LVCIFERA VICTRIX |
Moon-goddess and sister of Apollo. She was also the protector of the young, deity of the hunt and sometimes the lightbringer. |
| The Dioscuri | Dioskuri | with horses and pointed caps with stars | |
The twins Castor and Pollux, sons of Jupiter and Leda. |
| Hercules | Herakles | club and lion skin | CONSERVATOR DEFENSOR ROMANVS VICTOR |
God of strength and virtue. Very popular as a coin type on both roman imperial and provincial coins. |
| Isis | |
sistrum | |
Wife of Osiris. Originally an Egyptian goddess, she became very popular with the romans. Obviously she was also popular on provincial issues of Egypt. |
| Janus | |
double headed | |
God of beginnings, able to look to both the past and the future. |
| Juno | Hera | matron, either seated or standing patera and sceptre sometimes accompanied by a peacock |
REGINA LVCINA CONSERVATRIX VICTRIX |
Consort of Jupiter. Popular imperial coin-type. Less so for provincial issues. |
| Jupiter (Jove) | Zeus | tall bearded man, nude or semi-nude thunderbolt and sceptre sometimes holding Victory or attended by his eagle |
CONSERVATOR CVSTOS LIBERATOR PROPVGNATOR STATOR TONANS TVTATOR VICTOR |
The father of the gods. Arguably the most commonly represented deity on coinage. |
| Luna | Selene | crescent moon, sometimes with stars | |
Moon-goddess usually associated with Diana Lucifera (lightbringer). |
| Mars | Ares | spear and shield with a trophy or olive branch (peace giver) |
CONSERVATOR PROPVGNATOR VLTOR VICTOR |
God of war. A very popular type. |
| Mercury | Hermes | petasus, carries a purse and caduceus | |
Messenger of the gods. Not a common coin-type. |
| Minerva | Athena | spear, shield and helmet sometimes holds a small figure of Victory or her attendant owl |
PACIFERA VICTRIX |
Warlike goddess of wisdom, war and patroness of the arts. |
| Nemesis | Nemesis | caduceus with serpent at feet or purse, systrum, bridle |
|
Goddess, avenger of crimes and punisher of wrong-doings. Infrequent appearance on imperial coins and only slightly more so on provincials. |
| Neptune | Poseidon | dolphin and trident occasionally with the prow of a ship |
|
God of the sea. |
| Roma | |
helmeted and in armor holding a small figure of Vistory or a wreath and parazonium |
|
Goddess who personified Rome. |
| Serapis | Serapis | wear a modius and sometimes has a triple-headed dog (Cerberus) at his feet | |
Another god imported from Egypt. He appears intermittantly on imperial coinage and more frequently on provincial. |
| Sol | Helios | radiate head, holding globe or whip occasionally in a chariot |
COMES INVICTVS ORIENS |
The sun-god. The radiate crown worn by emperors on antoninianus and dupondius denominations may be a reference to the emperor as the personification of Sol. |
| Three Graces- Euphrosyne Aglaia Thalia |
(same) | Usually together, frequently nude | |
Minor goddesses who represented gentleness and refinement. |
| Venus | Aphrodite | appears nude or semi-nude holding an apple, or an helmet and sceptre usually appears with back turned toward the viewer |
CELESTIS FELIX GENETRIX VICTRIX |
Goddess of beauty and love. |
| Vesta | Hestia | patera and sceptre, torch, simpulum, or palladium |
MATER SANCTA |
Goddess of the family hearth and protectress of family life. |
| Vulcan | Hephaistos | tools of a blacksmith | |
God of iron and fire. |
| Name | Devices | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Achelous | body of bull and the head of a man | River god. |
| Apollo | lyre | The sun god and patron of music and poetry. |
| Ares | spear, armor and trophy | God of war. |
| Artemis | bow and arrow | Goddess of the hunt. |
| Apesculapius | staff with serpent (caduceus) | God of healing and medicine. |
| Athena | helmet, Nike and/or owl | Goddess of wisdom and war. |